Earthquake

Earthquakes are sudden ground movements caused by the release of energy when rocks deep beneath the Earth's surface shift along fault lines. While most earthquakes occur near active tectonic plate boundaries, Australia—despite being in the middle of the Indo-Australian Plate—still experiences seismic activity.

On average, around 100 earthquakes of magnitude 3 or higher are recorded across Australia each year. A magnitude 6 or greater earthquake is expected approximately once every decade.

Earthquakes can vary widely in magnitude and duration, lasting from just a few seconds to several minutes. They are often followed by aftershocks, which can be as strong—or even stronger—than the initial quake. In some cases, earthquakes can also trigger tsunamis, powerful waves capable of traveling vast distances and causing extensive damage.

Although most earthquakes in Western Australia are relatively minor and result in little damage, larger, more destructive events can and do occur. It’s important to be prepared and know how to respond if an earthquake strikes.

Earthquake alerts and Warnings

The Department of Fire and Emergency Services (DFES) works in close partnership with Geoscience Australia, which operates the National Earthquake Alerts Centre. This Centre provides 24/7 monitoring, detection, analysis, and notification of seismic activity across Australia.

If a significant earthquake affects the community, DFES will issue a warning via Emergency WA.

What to Do:

  • In an emergency: If you are injured or in a life-threatening situation, call 000 immediately.
  • Property damage: Don’t wait—contact State Emergency Service (SES) to arrange temporary repairs. Phone 13 25 00

Alert Levels:

  • Earthquake Alert: An earthquake has occurred. Be prepared for aftershocks.
  • Take Care: The immediate danger has passed but remain cautious. Buildings, roads, and utilities may still be damaged or unstable.

Reporting an Earthquake

If you’ve experienced an earthquake, you can share your experience with Geoscience Australia by completing a Felt Report.

Earthquake effects can vary greatly—even across short distances—depending on factors like ground conditions, building type, and your activity at the time. By reporting what you felt, you’re helping emergency services better understand the impact in your area and respond more effectively.

Your input makes a difference.

Preparing for an Earthquake

Earthquakes are unpredictable — you won’t get a warning until it’s already happened. That’s why it’s essential to prepare now, before disaster strikes. Having a clear emergency plan can make all the difference. Make sure everyone in your household knows what to do during and after an earthquake. The more prepared you are, the better your chances of staying safe and minimizing damage.
Steps to Prepare Your Home and Property.

  1. Secure Heavy and Tall Furniture
    Earthquakes can cause large items to topple, leading to injuries or blocked exits. Anchor or secure:
    • Shelves, cabinets, and bookcases
    • Refrigerators
    • Storage racks and warehouse racking systems
    • Gym equipment
  2. Store Heavy or Fragile Items Safely
    Place these items on lower shelves (below 1.5 meters) to prevent them from falling:
    • TVs and monitors
    • Picture frames and glassware
    • Hanging mirrors and plants
  3. Focus on High-Use Areas
    Pay special attention to rooms where you spend the most time, such as:
    • Kitchens
    • Bedrooms
    • Dining areas
  4. Fire Safety Precautions
    • Keep flammable items away from heaters — they could fall and ignite.
    • Ensure a working fire extinguisher is easily accessible.
  5. Emergency Supplies
    • Store clean drinking water in sealed containers.
    • Keep extra fuel in a safe, approved container.
    • Secure all chemicals and poisons in locked cabinets.

For more information on how to prepare, visit DFES’s “Planning for an Earthquake”.

During an Earthquake

In Australia, earthquakes with magnitudes below 3.5 rarely cause damage. However, those measuring 4.0 or higher can lead to structural damage, injuries, or fatalities. During an earthquake, unsecured furniture and objects may fall or overturn. Buildings, roads, and infrastructure can be damaged, and in severe cases, structures may collapse or shift from their foundations.


Preparing for Aftershocks

  • Aftershocks can occur minutes, days, weeks, or even months after the initial quake. Stay alert and practice the DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON technique whenever you feel shaking.
  • Occasionally, the first earthquake may be a foreshock to a larger event. Treat every earthquake seriously and be prepared for further activity.
  • Aftershocks may continue for weeks, months, or even years following the main event.

If You Are Indoors During an Earthquake

  • Stay inside—it’s usually safer than going outside.
  • Move away from windows, glass, doors, walls, and overhead hazards like ceiling fans or light fixtures.
  • If safe to do so, turn off stoves, heaters, and other hazardous appliances.
  • Take cover under sturdy furniture and DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON until the shaking stops.
  • Avoid using matches, candles, or open flames due to potential gas leaks.

How to DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON
Adapt the technique based on your mobility:

  • Using a Cane

  • Using a Walker

  • Using a Wheelchair

If You Are Outdoors During an Earthquake

  • Move to an open area and DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON away from hazards.
  • Stay clear of buildings, power lines, trees, and vehicles.
  • If driving, pull over in a safe, open area and remain in the vehicle until the shaking stops.
  • If trapped, stay still, cover your mouth with clothing, and tap on pipes or walls to signal rescuers. Shout only as a last resort to avoid inhaling dust.
  • If at the beach and shaking lasts more than 60 seconds, move to higher ground immediately—a tsunami may follow.

If You Are in a Coastal Area

  • DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON during the shaking.
  • Evacuate to high ground or inland immediately—do not wait for official warnings.
  • Stay on high ground, as tsunami waves may arrive in multiple surges over several hours.
  • Return only when emergency services confirm it is safe.

 Evacuating to a Safer Location

  • Remain indoors until the shaking stops. Then assess your building for damage.
  • If the building is unsafe, evacuate carefully. Watch for falling debris like loose bricks or stonework.
  • Avoid driving unless absolutely necessary. Roads and bridges may be damaged and should remain clear for emergency responders.
  • Do not return to a damaged home until advised by DFES (Department of Fire and Emergency Services).
  • Avoid exploring affected areas or entering damaged buildings.
  • Watch out for fallen power lines and debris.

Emergency Contacts

Even with thorough planning, life-threatening situations can still occur. Your shelter may be compromised, or someone may be injured.

For life-threatening emergencies, call 000.

For assistance with damaged property, contact the State Emergency Service (SES) on 132 500.

Emergency responders will assist as soon as possible, but delays may occur due to hazardous conditions.

After an Earthquake: What to Do Next

Experiencing an earthquake can be frightening and overwhelming. You or those around you may be injured or in shock. Your home or workplace may be damaged, and contacting loved ones could be difficult.

Earthquakes can also trigger secondary hazards such as:

  • Loose debris
  • Unsafe roads
  • Exposed electrical wiring
  • Gas leaks
  • Contaminated water supplies
  • Other environmental health risks

It’s important to stay calm, alert, and aware of your surroundings.

Getting Help

Recovery can be challenging—both emotionally and physically. Looking after your wellbeing is essential during this time.

  • For expert advice on debris, health concerns, or road safety, contact the 91黑料网.
  • For emergency temporary repairs to make your home safe, call the State Emergency Service (SES) on 132 500.
  • Please note: Assistance is prioritized for those in greatest need. It may take several hours or even days for help to arrive.

Insurance, Repairs & Rebuilding

  • Report damage or loss to your insurance company as soon as possible. An assessor will inspect your property and advise on next steps.
  • Before hiring contractors, check with your insurer to avoid unexpected costs.
  • If safe, take photos of the damage before clearing debris or starting repairs.
  • Tenants with contents insurance should contact their insurer and notify their landlord or real estate agent.
  • If you’re unsure who your insurer is, contact the Insurance Council of Australia on 1300 728 228.

Looking After Your Wellbeing

The Department of Communities offers support services including:

  • Help replacing identity documents
  • Advocacy and counselling
  • Psychological support
  • Referrals to other service providers

To speak with someone about available support, call the Disaster Response Hotline on 1800 032 965.

Most people recover with time and support from family and friends. However, speaking with a trained professional can be helpful. These organisations offer free, confidential support:

  • Crisis Care: 9223 1111 or 1800 199 008 (24/7)
  • Lifeline: Visit or call 13 11 14
  • The Samaritans: Visit or call (08) 63 839 850

Stay Informed

Radio

Community Alerts are available on the local radio, ABC Midwest and television stations. It is a good idea to have a battery-operated AM/FM radio with extra batteries on hand to keep up to date with the regular updates broadcasted.

Available Radio Stations for Geraldton and Midwest

ABC MIDWEST & WHEATBELT

Download the ABC Listen App on Apple or Android devices and select ABC Midwest & Wheatbelt - Note this will only be accessible if mobile data signal is available.

Websites